Türkiye’s analysis and improvement (R&D) spending totaled TL 1 trillion ($127.5 billion) within the interval between 2014 and 2023, in keeping with official knowledge from the nation’s statistical institute.
Data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) confirmed that Türkiye’s R&D spending in 2014 was at $7.9 billion and this determine rose to $8.3 billion in 2015. Fast-forward to 2021, R&D spending reached $11.4 billion, and it rose to $11.9 billion in 2022.
R&D spending within the nation noticed a report excessive of $15.8 billion in 2023, and the will increase between 2014 to 2023 recorded a 21.5 instances surge, the information confirmed.
While the ratio of gross home product (GDP) to R&D spending was 1.01% in 2014, it climbed to 1.42% in 2023.
More than half of the financing for R&D spending was sourced from firms within the nine-year interval, whereas the federal government’s contribution made up 32% in the identical interval.
The complete variety of full-time equal (FTE) R&D personnel elevated from over 155,400 in 2014 to over 290,800 final 12 months, 34.1% of which had been made up of girls. The share of girls among the many complete variety of FTE R&D personnel was 30.2% in 2014.
The statistics present that 38.3% of R&D personnel maintain a bachelor’s diploma in 2023, whereas these with a doctorate or equal diploma account for 21.4%. People with a vocational college diploma made up 4.9% of the overall variety of R&D personnel, whereas these with solely a highschool diploma constituted 4.4%.
Turkish capital Ankara had the very best R&D spending final 12 months, as was the case in 2014, adopted by Istanbul, and the provinces of Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce, Bolu, and Yalova.
As for know-how, the information confirmed that medium-high tech investments took the lead from 2015 to 2017.
High-tech R&D spending was at $845 million in 2015 and it rose to $2.7 billion as of most up-to-date figures.
The manufacturing trade’s R&D spending reached $5.8 billion final 12 months and high-tech actions made up 47.5%.
The U.S. dollar-Turkish lira change price was at 7.84 on common over the last decade, in keeping with the Turkish central financial institution’s figures.
Source: www.dailysabah.com